Caligula – 12 AD – the third Roman emperor known for his cruelty, extravagance and eccentric behavior during his reign. He was notorious for his violent and unpredictable behavior, which included executing members of the aristocracy, engaging in incestuous relationships and declaring himself a god.

Maria Montessori – 1870 – an Italian physician and educator who is best known for her educational method, the Montessori method. Montessori was the first woman to earn a medical degree in Italy and she went on to develop a groundbreaking approach to education based on her observations of children’s natural development.

Fredric March – 1897 – an American actor best known for his roles in classic Hollywood films such as “Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde”, for which he won an Academy Award for Best Actor and “The Best Years of Our Lives”, which won an Academy Award for Best Picture.

Roland Culver – 1900 – an English actor. He appeared in over 100 films throughout his career, including “The Life and Death of Colonel Blimp”, “Dead of Night” and “The Lavender Hill Mob”.

Richard Basehart – 1914 – an American actor best known for his starring role in the science fiction television series “Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea”, in which he played Admiral Harriman Nelson.

Buddy Hackett – 1924 – an American actor. He appeared in a number of films throughout his career, including “The Music Man”, “It’s a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World” and “The Love Bug”. He also appeared in television programs such as “The Tonight Show” and “The Ed Sullivan Show.”

James Coburn – 1928 – an American actor known for his roles in a number of popular Westerns, including “The Magnificent Seven”, “Major Dundee” and “Pat Garrett and Billy the Kid”. He also appeared in films such as “Our Man Flint” and “In Like Flint”. He won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his role in the film “Affliction”.

Noble Willingham – 1931 – an American actor best known for his work on the hit television series “Walker, Texas Ranger”, in which he played the character C.D. Parker. He also appeared in a number of films throughout his career, including “City Slickers” and “Ace Ventura: Pet Detective”.

Eldridge Cleaver – 1935 – an American writer, political activist and prominent member of the Black Panther Party. Cleaver is best known for his book “Soul on Ice”. The book is a collection of essays that explore issues of race, politics and sexuality.

Warren Berlinger – 1937 – an American actor best known for his role as Pfc. Glick in the classic war film “The Dirty Dozen”. He also appeared in a number of other notable films, including “Blue Denim”, “Come Blow Your Horn” and “The Shaggy D.A.”.

Carole Wells – 1942 – an American actress, best known for her role as Bunny, in the television series “The Beach Boys’ Party!”. She also appeared in a number of other popular TV shows, including “Perry Mason”, “The Munsters” and “Mannix”.

Richard Gere – 1949 – an American actor best known for his roles in iconic films such as “An Officer and a Gentleman”, “Pretty Woman”, “The Jackal”, “Unfaithful”, “Runaway Bride”, “The Double” and “Chicago”, for which he received a Golden Globe Award.

Todd Carty – 1963 – an English actor best known for his role as Tucker Jenkins in the series “Grange Hill”. He also played Mark Fowler in the popular soap opera “EastEnders”.

Jonathan LaPaglia – 1969 – an Australian actor, best known for his work in the television series “NCIS”, playing the character of Special Agent Brent Langer. In addition to his work in television, LaPaglia has also appeared in a number of films, including “The Slap” and “The Assignment”.

Zack Ward – 1970 – a Canadian actor best known for his role as Scut Farkus in the classic holiday film “A Christmas Story”. He has also appeared in films such as “Transformers”, “Resident Evil: Apocalypse” and “Postal”, which he also directed.

Chris Tucker – 1971 – an American actor best known for his roles in the “Rush Hour” film series, in which he co-starred alongside Jackie Chan. He went on to star in a number of other popular films, including “Friday”, “Money Talks” and “The Fifth Element”.

Marc Webb – 1974 – an American film director best known for directing films such as “500 Days of Summer”, “The Amazing Spider-Man” and its sequel “The Amazing Spider-Man 2”. Webb also directed music videos for popular artists such as Green Day, My Chemical Romance and Weezer.

Andrei Medvedev – 1974 – a professional tennis player from Ukraine. Medvedev’s career highlights include, winning the ATP Tour World Championship in 1999 and reaching the final of the French Open in 1999, where he lost to Andre Agassi.

Sara Ramirez – 1975 – an American actress best known for her role as Dr. Callie Torres on the hit medical drama series “Grey’s Anatomy”. She has also appeared in films such as, “And Just Like That…”, “Spider-Man” and “You’ve Got Mail”.

1897 – Thomas Edison received a US patent for the Kinetoscope. The Kinetoscope was an early motion picture device that allowed for the viewing of short films through a peephole viewer.

1955 – The first sun-powered automobile, known as the “Solar Powered Vehicle,” demonstrated in Chicago, Illinois, by William G. Cobb of the General Motors Corporation. The car was powered by a photovoltaic panel, which was mounted on the roof of the car and used to charge the car’s batteries.

1980 – The Gdańsk Agreement, also known as the August Agreement, was signed in Gdańsk, Poland. The agreement marked the beginning of the Solidarity movement, which was a significant social and political force that helped bring an end to communist rule in Poland. The agreement granted workers the right to form independent trade unions in Poland.

1987 – Premiere of the music video for Michael Jackson’s song “Bad”. The video was directed by Martin Scorsese and features Jackson as a teenager returning to his neighborhood after attending a private school.

1997 – Diana, Princess of Wales, died in a car crash. The accident occurred in the Pont de l’Alma tunnel in Paris, France, while she was traveling with her companion, Dodi Fayed and their driver, Henri Paul.

2018 – “A Star is Born” premiered at the Venice Film Festival in Italy. The film directed by Bradley Cooper and starring Lady Gaga and Bradley Cooper won Academy Award for Best Original Song for “Shallow”.

The Titanic was built in Belfast, Northern Ireland. The construction of the Titanic began in 1909 and was completed in 1912. At the time, Belfast was one of the major shipbuilding centers in the world, and the Titanic was one of the most ambitious and impressive ships ever built.

Germany shares borders with nine countries, which are:

1. Denmark to the north
2. Poland and the Czech Republic to the east
3. Austria and Switzerland to the south
4. France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands to the west.

The Eiffel Tower has a total of 1665 steps from the ground level to the top. However, visitors are not allowed to climb the entire way to the top via the stairs. The stairs only go up to the second floor, and there are 674 steps in total to reach that level. After that, visitors must take an elevator to reach the top observation deck.